Abdul Razak gulna ya lashe kyautar Nobel ta adabi

Da karfe 13:00 na ranar 7 ga Oktoba, 2021 a Stockholm, Sweden (19:00 agogon Beijing), Kwalejin Sweden ta ba da lambar yabo ta Nobel ta 2021 don adabi ga marubuci dan Tanzaniya abdulrazak gurnah. Jawabin bayar da lambar yabon shine: "bisa la'akari da rashin fahimta da tausayinsa game da tasirin mulkin mallaka da makomar 'yan gudun hijira a cikin gibin da ke tsakanin al'adu da kasa."
Gulna (an haife shi a Zanzibar a shekara ta 1948), ɗan shekara 73, marubuci ne ɗan Tanzaniya. Ya yi rubutu da Ingilishi kuma yanzu yana zaune a Biritaniya. Shahararren littafinsa shine aljanna (1994), wanda aka zaba don duka lambar yabo ta Booker da lambar yabo ta Whitbread, yayin da watsi (2005) da bakin teku (2001) aka zaba don kyautar Booker da lambar yabo ta Los Angeles Times.
Shin ka taba karanta littattafansa ko kalmominsa? Shafin yanar gizon hukuma na kyautar Nobel ya fitar da takardar tambaya. Har zuwa lokacin da aka buga, 95% na mutane sun ce "ba su karanta ba".
An haifi Gulna a tsibirin Zanzibar dake gabar tekun gabashin Afrika, ya tafi Ingila karatu a shekarar 1968. Daga shekarar 1980 zuwa 1982, gulna ya koyar a jami'ar Bayero dake Kano, Nigeria. Sannan ya tafi Jami’ar Kent kuma ya sami digirin digirgir a shekarar 1982. A yanzu Farfesa ne kuma daraktan sashen turanci. Babban burinsa na ilimi shine rubuce-rubucen bayan mulkin mallaka da tattaunawa da suka shafi mulkin mallaka, musamman wadanda suka shafi Afirka, Caribbean da Indiya.
Ya gyara kundin kasidu guda biyu kan rubuce-rubucen Afirka kuma ya buga kasidu da yawa kan marubutan zamanin bayan mulkin mallaka, ciki har da v.S. Naipaul, Salman Rushdie, da sauransu. Shi ne editan kamfanin Cambridge zuwa Rushdie (2007). Ya kasance editan mujallar wasafiri mai ba da gudummawa tun 1987.
A cewar shafin twitter na lambar yabo ta Nobel, abdullahzak gulna ya wallafa litattafai goma da gajerun labarai masu yawa, kuma taken "hargitsin 'yan gudun hijira" ya gudana ta cikin ayyukansa. Ya fara rubutawa ne sa’ad da ya zo Biritaniya a matsayin ɗan gudun hijira yana ɗan shekara 21. Ko da yake Swahili shi ne yarensa na farko, har yanzu Ingilishi ne babban yaren rubutunsa. Dagewar Gulner kan gaskiya da adawarsa ga sauƙaƙan tunani abin sha'awa ne. Littattafansa sun yi watsi da wannan tsattsauran bayanin kuma bari mu ga al'adun Gabashin Afirka da yawa waɗanda mutane a wasu sassa na duniya ba su saba da su ba.
A cikin duniyar adabin gulna, komai yana canzawa - ƙwaƙwalwa, suna, ainihi. Duk littattafansa suna nuna bincike marar iyaka wanda sha'awar ilimi ke motsa shi, wanda kuma ya shahara a cikin littafin lahira (2020). Wannan binciken bai taɓa canzawa ba tun lokacin da ya fara rubutu yana ɗan shekara 21.