Menene farashin musayar?
Kudin musanya yana nufin nawa ne ake buƙatar kuɗin kuɗin ƙasa (RMB) don dawo da kayan da ake fitarwa zuwa sashin musanya na waje. A takaice dai, "jimlar farashin fitar da kaya" na RMB za a iya musanya shi zuwa "musayar waje na samun kudin shiga" na naúrar kudaden waje. Ana sarrafa farashin musayar a 5 zuwa 8, kamar farashin musayar sama da farashin lasisin musayar banki na banki, fitar da kaya asara ne, kuma akasin haka yana da riba.
Yadda za a lissafta farashin musayar?
Hanyar lissafi na farashin musayar: farashin musanya = jimlar fitarwa (RMB) / fitar da kudin shiga na musayar waje (kuɗin waje), wanda kuɗin shiga na musayar kuɗin waje shine FOB net kudin shiga (tsabar kudin waje na waje bayan cire kuɗin aiki kamar kwamitocin). jigilar kayayyaki, da sauransu).
Har ila yau, akwai wata dabara don ƙididdige farashin musayar: farashin musayar = farashin haraji na kayan da aka saya, (1 + adadin haraji na doka - ƙimar rangwamen harajin fitarwa) / farashin FOB na fitarwa. Misali: farashin musaya=farashin harajin kayan da aka saya, ko farashin FOB na fitarwa.
Jimlar kuɗin RMB ya haɗa da: farashin jigilar kayayyaki da aka saya, ƙimar inshora, cajin banki, babban babban jari, da dai sauransu, da jimillar kashe kuɗin RMB bayan adadin rangwamen harajin fitarwa (idan kayan da ake fitarwa zuwa fitarwa ne tallafin haraji. kayayyaki).
Kamar yadda ake iya gani daga maƙasudin, farashin musayar ya yi daidai da jimillar kuɗin da ake fitarwa zuwa ketare kuma ya yi daidai da adadin kuɗin da ake samu na musanya na waje. Dangane da wannan dabarar, ana amfani da kuɗin musanya sau da yawa don tantance sakamakon aiki na kayayyaki na fitarwa, babban aikin shine:
(1) Ana amfani da kwatankwacin farashin musayar nau'ikan kayan masarufi daban-daban a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin ginshiƙai don daidaita tsarin samfuran fitarwa da ̈ juya riba da asara”.
(2) Irin kayayyakin da ake fitarwa daga waje, kwatanta farashin musaya da ake fitarwa zuwa ƙasashe da yankuna daban-daban, a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin tushen zaɓin kasuwannin fitarwa.
(3) Kwatanta farashin musanya na yankuna da kamfanoni daban-daban, fitar da kayayyaki iri ɗaya, nemo gibi, taɓa yuwuwar, haɓaka gudanarwa.
(4) Irin nau’in kayayyakin da ake fitarwa zuwa waje, ana kwatanta farashin musaya a cikin lokaci guda na lokuta daban-daban, don kwatanta hauhawar farashin canji ko raguwar farashin canji.
Lokacin aikawa: Juni-10-2021